人文历史
太仓自古为文化之乡,人文荟萃,积淀厚实,形成独具风格的娄东文化。是郑和下西洋的起锚地,江南丝竹的发源地,娄东画派的发祥地,又是神话传说牛郎织女的降生地。早在晋代,名士瞿硎等活动于境内传布知识文化。元代,漕运开通,刘家港发展成为“天下第一码头”。元代的桥梁建筑独具风格,至今保存着国内少有的元桥群。明初郑和七下西洋,在刘家港启航停泊,沟通太仓与东南亚各国文化交流。
Taicang has been a land of culture since ancient times. It is a place where talents gather and has a solid cultural accumulation, forming the unique Lou Dong culture. It is the departure point for Zheng He's voyages to the Western Seas, the birthplace of Jiangnan sizhu (a traditional instrumental music genre), the cradle of the Lou Dong school of painting, and also the birthplace of the mythical legend of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl. As early as the Jin Dynasty, celebrities like Qu Xing carried out activities within the territory to spread knowledge and culture. In the Yuan Dynasty, when the water transportation was opened up, Liujiagang developed into "the number one wharf in the world". The bridge architecture in the Yuan Dynasty has a unique style, and there are still rare groups of Yuan Dynasty bridges preserved in China. In the early Ming Dynasty, Zheng He set sail and docked at Liujiagang seven times on his voyages to the Western Seas, facilitating cultural exchanges between Taicang and countries in Southeast Asia.
【建置沿革】太仓古代为滨海村落。春秋时属吴地,秦属会稽郡,汉为吴郡娄县惠安乡。三国吴于此建仓屯粮,渐次发展。元代于刘家港开创漕粮海运后,遂日益繁盛,成为万家之邑。元末筑太仓城。吴元年建太仓卫,明初置镇海卫,屯兵驻防。明弘治十年(1497),割昆山、常熟、嘉定3县地建太仓州。清雍正二年(1724),升为江苏直隶州,并析地置镇洋县。民国元年(1912),太仓州和镇洋县合并,定名太仓县。中华人民共和国成立后,始属苏南人民行政公署,后隶属江苏省苏州地区专员公署。1983年3月,改隶苏州市。1993年3月,撤县建太仓市。
【文化与名人】太仓自古为文化之乡,人文荟萃,积淀厚实,形成独具风格的娄东文化。是郑和下西洋的起锚地,江南丝竹的发源地,娄东画派的发祥地,又是神话传说牛郎织女的降生地。早在晋代,名士瞿硎等活动于境内传布知识文化。元代,漕运开通,刘家港发展成为“天下第一码头”。元代的桥梁建筑独具风格,至今保存着国内少有的元桥群。明初郑和七下西洋,在刘家港启航停泊,沟通太仓与东南亚各国文化交流。誉为“百戏之祖”的昆曲和优美动听的江南丝竹源自太仓一带。明清园林之盛,有“太仓园林甲东南”之誉。太仓建州后学堂、书院盛极一时,培养出众多杰出人才,使太仓文化得到全面发展,民间读书成风。现今,太仓的文化更具有开放性,多种特色文化丰富多彩,有全国桥牌之乡、武术之乡、龙狮之乡、民乐之乡等称号,文学、舞蹈、戏曲、音乐、摄影、书法等文化艺术硕果累累。
丰厚的文化底蕴孕育了举不胜举的名人,仅宋元明清考取进士者多至314人。明清有“后七子”领袖王世贞,江左三大家之一“吴伟业”,“明四家”之一仇英,“娄东画派”领袖王时敏、王鉴、王原祁等。近现代有画家朱屺瞻,电影艺术家朱石麟,舞蹈艺术家吴晓邦,教育家陆宝忠、唐文治、俞庆棠,著名记者俞颂华,物理学家“中国的居里夫人”吴健雄,诺贝尔物理学奖获得者朱棣文,以及唐孝威、邹世昌、黄胜年、吴建屏、杨胜利、唐孝炎、顾懋祥、龚知本、陆佑楣等11名两院院士。
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